The London Plane (Platanus x acerifolia) is an iconic tree that dominates many urban landscapes, particularly in cities like London. Known for its resilience to pollution and ability to thrive in harsh urban environments, this deciduous tree is often referred to as the “city tree.” Retained from the original park when Jubilee Gardens was redeveloped in 2012, the London Planes contribute to the park’s character and charm. You can find these trees lining the Queen’s Walk along the riverfront, as well as in nearby areas like Belvedere Road and Hungerford car park.
Appearance
Bark: The London Plane is easily recognised by its patchy bark. Grey layers peel away, revealing fresh green and creamy yellow wood beneath. This shedding helps the tree resist air pollution by preventing clogging of the bark’s pores.
Leaves: Its large, maple-like leaves are broad and lobed, creating a dense canopy in summer.
Flowers and Seeds: In spring, the tree produces small ball-shaped flowers on long stems. These later develop into “pom-pom” seed heads, which remain visible on bare branches throughout winter.
Size
London Planes are large, fast-growing trees, reaching heights of up to 30 meters (100 feet) with an impressive canopy spread of 20–25 meters (65–80 feet). Their size and adaptability make them a dominant feature in parks and streetscapes.
Where It Grows
Native to Europe and a hybrid of the American Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) and Oriental Plane (Platanus orientalis), the London Plane thrives in:
– Urban environments: It tolerates high pollution levels, compacted soils, and limited root space.
– Moist, well-drained soils: While it adapts to a variety of conditions, the tree performs best in fertile, well-drained areas.
– Full sun: It flourishes in open, sunny locations but can handle partial shade.
More than half of London’s trees are London Planes, making it a vital part of the city’s green infrastructure.
Why It’s Useful
Pollution resistance: The bark’s shedding and ability to tolerate air pollution make it invaluable in urban areas.
Shade and cooling: Its dense canopy provides excellent shade, reducing the urban heat island effect.
Timber: The wood is durable and often used for furniture and flooring.
Why It’s Good for Nature
Wildlife habitat: Birds, insects, and small mammals benefit from its branches and seeds.
Air quality improvement: The tree’s large leaves capture airborne pollutants, improving air quality in cities.
Soil stabilisation: Its extensive root system helps prevent erosion and supports healthy urban soil.
Interesting Facts
- London Planes dominate urban landscapes with more than half of London’s trees belonging to this species.
- The tree’s bark-shedding ability is an evolutionary response to air pollution, helping it survive in smog-filled environments.
- Its “pom-pom” seed heads hang on bare branches in winter, adding visual interest even when the tree is dormant.
Learn more about the other trees in Jubilee Gardens.
